LONDON: Refractive Surgery Didactic Course (Part 2) - Multiple Choice Questions Question Title * 1. Name: G. GrabnerPresbyopia Question Title * 2. Select the true statement:The theory for accommodation (and the development of presbyopia) - that is scientifically validated is: The Schachar theory The Helmholtz theory The Coleman (catenary) theory Question Title * 3. The correction of presbyopia is currently NOT possible by: Changing the shape of the cornea Implantation of multifocal IOLs Prescription of reading spectacles Modification of the vitreous body Monovision (with contact lenses or IOLs) R. ApplegateQuality of vision evaluation Question Title * 4. Considering the correlation between high order aberrations and visual acuity presented by Dr. Applegate: For photopic high contrast acuity there is little to no correlation between acuity and the high order aberrations The correlation between high order aberrations and visual acuity is best for mesopic low contrast acuity Photopic high contrast acuity is not as sensitive to minor changes high order aberrations as mesopic low contrast acuity Answers a, b and c are correct Question Title * 5. As the pupil dilates from approximately 3 mm to 6 mm in diameter: Higher order aberrations increase in the normal non-surgical eye In the normal non-surgical eye photopic high contrast acuity decreases slightly by around 3 letters Hi order aberrations decrease in the normal non-surgical eye Answers a and b are correct C. RobertsBiomechanics of the cornea Question Title * 6. What are the hallmarks of the biomechanical response to laser refractive surgery? Anterior central flattening and peripheral steepening Anterior central steepening and peripheral flattening Anterior central flattening and posterior central flattening Question Title * 7. Which of the following is the greatest source of artifact in Goldmann tonometry? Anterior surface curvature Corneal biomechanical properties Corneal thickness J. GüellRefractive reoperations and enhancements Question Title * 8. Which statement is false about bioptics: It was originally described because of a technical limitation in phakic IOL power It is used to improve final quality of vision It is considered any combination of corneal and intraocular refractive surgery It is considered only the combination of a PC phakic IOL and LASIK Question Title * 9. The most efficient treatment for epithelial ingrowth after LASIK is: Mitomycin C Lift the flap clean with absolute alcohol PTK on the stromal bed Lift the flap, clean both stromal sides of the cyst and suture the lenticule V. KatsanevakiNon-optical complications of LASIK and corneal surgery Question Title * 10. The treatment of DLK stage 3 consists of: Flap lift and irrigation Wait and see patient every day Prednisolon eye drops every hour Both A and C is correct Question Title * 11. Select the false statement: Flap folds… Should be treated immediately Can create irregular astigmatism Should not be treated too early as they sometimes resolve V. KatsanevakiOptical complications of refractive surgery Question Title * 12. How do human eye’s optical aberrations correlate with pupil size? The larger the pupil size the higher the aberrations The smaller the pupil size the lower the aberrations Both A and B are correct The pupil size is not related to the eye’s aberrations Question Title * 13. Which are the major limitations of “super vision”? Refractive errors Diffraction Cone spacing All of the above Question Title * 14. How to avoid keratectasia? Exclude corneas with atypical topography Leave a stromal bed of at least 250µ even after retreatment Perform LASEK/PRK or phakic IOL implantation in borderline cases All of the above R. NuijtsComplications of phakic IOLs Question Title * 15. Which statement is WRONG? ICL pIOL may cause cataract Artiflex pIOL may show (non)-pigment deposition on pIOL Artisan pIOL does not cause glare PRL pIOL may luxate into the vitreous Question Title * 16. Which statement in RIGHT: Rigid angle-supported pIOLs do not cause pupil distortion The distance of the peripheral edge of the Artisan pIOL to the endothelium may predict the amount of endothelial cell loss ICL sizing can be performed accurately with white-to-white measurements Posterior synechiae formation after Artisan implantation is not dependent on crystalline lens rise J. AlióCustomised ablational procedures Question Title * 17. The main problem of standard treatments for the correction of myopia is that they induce changes in the spherical aberration of the eye. Optimized treatments are those that consider: To adjust the treatment to the preoperative asphericity of the patient for it to remain unchanged They overablate the peripheral cornea in myopia not to induce positive spherical aberration following myopic correction They try to improve the quality of vision of the patient, avoiding night vision problems that may appear in standard treatments Optimized treatments require global wavefront analysis of the eye Answers A, B and C are correct Question Title * 18. In highly aberrated corneas, the correction of corneal irregularity is better guided by: Global wavefront guided information Optimized guided information Corneal wavefront guided information Corneal topography Deep anterior lamellar graft Question Title * 19. Total wavefront guided excimer laser treatments are indicated: When significantly high levels of high ocular aberrations are present in the treated eye They may be used in normal eyes to prevent the induction of high ocular aberratons by excimer laser surgery They are more precise than standard treatments They are indicated with the purpose of increasing visual acuity of the treated eye (supervision) A, B and C are correct Done