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Module 3: Principles of Dialysis Self-Test Sample Questions

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* 1. Which of the following is an example of a semipermeable membrane in the body?

The cartilage in an ear

Finger or toenails

A capillary blood vessel

Neurons in the brain

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* 2. When a solution is saturated, what can be said about it?

It is wetter than plain water alone

It is carbonated, containing bubbles

No more of a solute will dissolve in it

It is drenched with intense, vivid color

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* 3. How can hemodialysis treatments be prescribed to reduce the risk of organ stunning?

Lower TMP, shorter treatments, warmer dialysate, oxygen

Higher TMP, longer treatments, cooler dialysate, oxygen

Lower UFR, longer treatments, cooler dialysate, oxygen

Higher UFR, shorter treatments, warmer dialysate, oxygen

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* 4. Diffusion occurs because:

Molecules contain anti-magnets and cannot be close together, so they spread out

Molecules are prosocial and spread out to interact with the other molecules

Molecules are mysterious, and no one knows why they behave as they do

Molecules have energy of their own, bump into each other, and spread out

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* 5. A solute will dissolve more quickly in a solution that is:

Cool

Acidic

Warm

Alkaline

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* 6. What type of blood pump pressure is always positive?

Post-pump

Pre-pump

All of it

None of it

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* 7. What must occur to stop the processes of diffusion or osmosis?

Acidification – solutes or water will move until the pH of a solution drops to less than 7

Equilibrium – the solutes or water level are the same on both sides of a membrane

Equanimity – the solutes or water must both be in a good mood

Alkalinity - solutes or water will move until the pH of a solution rises to more than 7

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* 8. How does the pH of a solute affect how well it will dissolve?

Acidic substances dissolve faster

pH has no impact on how well a substance will dissolve

It depends on the substance

Alkaline substances dissolve faster

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* 9. Increasing the resistance inside a tube will have what effect on the flow?

Raise the pressure and increase the flow

Lower the pressure and reduce the flow

Raise the pressure and reduce the flow

Lower the pressure and increase the flow

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* 10. What is precipitate in dialysis?

Needle-like crystals that form if we agitate a solution for 20 minutes or more

A solid that can form if we add a solute or change the temperature of a solution

A rainy day on the way to the dialysis clinic that makes it unpleasant to travel

A change in the pH of a solution when we add more than one solute