Optimising cardiovascular risk factor control in a high risk patient (update May 2020)

Question Title

* 1. According to the risk profile of this patient, which target would you recommend for HbA1c, LDL-c and blood pressure for cardiovascular risk management?

A: HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol (7.0%), LDL-c < 1.8 mmol/L (70 mg/dl), BP < 130/70 mmHg.

B: HBA1c < 47 mmol/mol (6.5%), LDL-c < 1.8 mmol/L (70 mg/dl) , BP < 130-139/80 mmHg

C: HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol (7.0%), HDL-c >1.2 mmol/L (45 mg/dl), BP < 130/80 mmHg.

D: HbA1c < 53 mmol/mol (7.0%), LDL-c < 2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dl), BP < 130-139/80 mmHg

E: HbA1c < 58 mmol/mol (7.5%), LDL-c < 2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dl) , BP < 140/90 mmHg.

Question Title

* 2. Patients with T2DM may benefit from screening and early identification of comorbidities and cardiovascular complications.
According to clinical presentation and medical history, the screening of which of the following cardiovascular complications has a lower priority in this patient?

A: Atrial fibrillation

B: Obstructive sleep apnoea

C: Heart failure

D: Peripheral artery disease

E: Carotid artery disease

Question Title

* 3. Which lifestyle advice is more appropriate for this patient?

A: Low calories/high protein diet with a total fat intake < 45%, fibre intake up to > 40g/day, resistance and aerobic training.

B: Reduce total energy intake with a saturated fat intake <10%, fibre intake up to > 40g/day and moderate to vigorous physical activity of ≥ 150 min/week.

C: Mediterranean diet with monounsaturated fatty acids > 10% of total energy, anti-oxidants supplementation, moderate physical activity of 30 minutes for 3 times/week.

D: Reduce carbohydrate consumption, increase fibre intake up to > 40 g/day, resistance training 2.5-5 h/week.

E: Reduce energy intake, introduce supplementation with vitamin E and C, moderate aerobic physical activity of 30 minutes for 3 times/week.

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Question Title

* 1. According to the risk profile of this patient, which target would you recommend for HbA1c, LDL-c and blood pressure for cardiovascular risk management?

Question Title

* 2. Patients with T2DM may benefit from screening and early identification of comorbidities and cardiovascular complications. According to clinical presentation and medical history, the screening of which of the following cardiovascular complications has a lower priority in this patient?

Question Title

* 3. Which lifestyle advice is more appropriate for this patient?

* 2. Patients with T2DM may benefit from screening and early identification of comorbidities and cardiovascular complications.
According to clinical presentation and medical history, the screening of which of the following cardiovascular complications has a lower priority in this patient?