Food Security Status, Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis and Social Palliative Measures

Dear Respondent,

Thank you for dedicating your time to respond to this survey. This an attempt to investigate the role of the lock-down order for curbing the spread of Covid-19 pandemic crisis and social palliative measures on welfare implication of household food security. Your contribution will be helpful to develop informed policy for escaping food deprivation during and after this crisis.

The survey is targeting household-heads or any representative members of households capable of providing household-level information. The survey will take about 10 minutes to complete.

Your responses will be used strictly for academic purpose and be confidentially treated as such.

Kindly help in sharing the link to your Whats-App contacts ONLY.

Thank you for your support in anticipation

Mr. Ibrahim H.K.
University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
ibrahim.hk@unilorin.edu.ng

Mrs. Oloyede W.O.
University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
oloyede.wo@unilorin.edu.ng

Prof. Hendriks S.L.
University of Pretoria
sheryl.hendriks@up.ac.za

Prof. Schönfeldt H.
University of Pretoria
hettie.schonfeldt@up.ac.za

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* 1. Where is your location?

Rural

Urban

Peri-Urban

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* 2. Which State are you staying presently?

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* 3. Choose the option where your age-group falls

< 15

15 -29

30 – 65

> 65

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* 4. What is your gender?

Male

Female

Other (please specify)

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* 5. What is your marital status?

Single

Married

Divorced

Widowed

Other (please specify)

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* 6. What is your family type?

Bachelor/Spinster

Single mother

Single father

Monogamy

Polygamy

Other (please specify)

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* 7. What is your ethnicity?

Hausa/fulani

Igbo

Yoruba

Other (please specify)

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* 8. What is your highest educational qualification?

No School Certificate

School Certificate

Ordinary National Diploma (ND)/National Certificate of Education (NCE)

Higher National Diploma (HND)/Degree

Technical School/Heath Technology

Postgraduate Degree

Other (please specify)

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* 9. How many children/dependants did you have?

5 and above

Not applicable

Other (please specify)

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* 10. What is your home-ownership status

landlord

tenant

owned home only

homeless

Other (please specify)

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* 11. In line with your home status, rate your sense of belonging at the community where you reside

Very strong

Somewhat strong

Somewhat weak

Very weak

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* 12. If you are a tenant, how much is your average monthly rent in monetary value?

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* 13. If you are a landlord, what is the average monthly rent you receive in monetary value?

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* 14. What is/are your source(s) of income before Covid-19 lock-down period? (you can choose more than one option)

Wage/petty-trading/self-employment

Public sector salary

Private sector salary

Pension

Social assistance/conditional cash transfer

Remittance from abroad

No source of income

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* 15. Select your average income per month BEFORE lock-down order by government from the following options

< N 14,325

N 14,325 – N 30,000

> N 30,000

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* 16. How many weeks (in figure) are the Covid-19 lock-down in your state/province ?

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* 17. Are you afraid of contracting the Covid-19 disease?

Yes

I don't know

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* 18. Do you believe that "staying at home" can flatten the curve/reduce the spread Covid-19 disease in your State/country?

Yes

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* 19. How do you protect yourself or any member of your households against contracting Covid-19 disease? (you can choose more than one answer)

Regular hands washing with soap

Applying sanitizing chemical to your hands

Wearing mask

Steaming/drinking warm water

Social distancing

Drinking traditional herb concoction

Other (please specify)

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* 20. Are you worried about the number of Covid-19 cases in your State/country?

Yes

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* 21. Do you pay for electricity during this Covid-19 lock-down period?

Yes

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* 22. Do you pay for water supply during this Covid-19 lock-down period?

Yes

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* 23. Do you have access to credit/borrowing during this period?

Yes

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* 24. Choose the source(s) of your credit/borrowing at this period

from family/friends

from formal financial banks

from informal money lenders

from cooperatives

Not applicable

Other (please specify)

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* 25. Do you have a regular access to internet/cable subscriptions?

Yes

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* 26. What is your monthly expenditure on cable subscriptions (i.e. DSTV, Goldtv, Startime etc.) BEFORE Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 27. What is your monthly expenditure on cable subscriptions (i.e. DSTV, Goldtv, Startime etc.) DURING Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 28. What is your monthly expenditure on airtime and internet subscriptions (for mobile, computer) BEFORE Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 29. What is your monthly expenditure on airtime and internet subscriptions (for mobile, computer) DURING Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 30. How do you perceive your health (mental and non-mental) during this Covid-19 lock-down period?

Excellent

Very good

Good

Fair

Poor

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* 31. Do you have access to health care/counselling services during this Covid-19 lock-down period?

Yes

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* 32. What is your monthly expenditure on receiving health/counselling services BEFORE this period in monetary value?

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* 33. What is your monthly expenditure on receiving health/counselling services DURING this period in monetary value?

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* 34. Select any of the following occupations you engaged in during this Covid-19 lock-down period? (you can choose more than one option)

Online trading

Online counselling

Blogging

Backyard farming

Field crop farming

Food vending

Hunting/poaching

Have no occupation at this period

Other (please specify)

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* 35. How much is your monthly income during this Covid-19 lock-down period?

Nothing

< N 14,325

N 14,325 – N 30,000

> N 30,000

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* 36. Select any of the following types of social assistance programs you or your household benefited BEFORE the Covid-19 lock-down period (you can choose more than one option)

School feeding program to pupil

Government Enterprise and Empowerment Program (Trader Moni Scheme)

Conditional cash transfer

Anchor Borrower Program

Social group support

I or my households don't benefit from any social assistance program

Other (please specify)

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* 37. Select any of the following types of social relief programs you or your household benefited DURING the Covid-19 lock-down period (you can choose more than one option)

School/Home feeding program to pupil

Social palliative package

Conditional cash transfer

Social group support

I or my households don't benefit from government social relief program

Other (please specify)

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* 38. Rank your satisfaction about the Covid-19 palliative package distributed by Government during lock-down

Highly satisfactory

Moderately satisfactory

Less satisfactory

Not satisfactory

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* 39. In the past 30 days, if there have been times when you did not have enough food or money to buy food, how many days have you had to:

	0 day	1 day	2 days	3 days	4 days	5 days	6 days	7 days	8 days
Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods?	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 0 day	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 1 day	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 2 days	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 3 days	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 4 days	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 5 days	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 6 days	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 7 days	Rely on less preferred and less expensive foods? 8 days
Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative?	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 0 day	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 1 day	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 2 days	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 3 days	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 4 days	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 5 days	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 6 days	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 7 days	Borrow food, or rely on help from a friend or relative? 8 days
Purchase food on credit?	Purchase food on credit? 0 day	Purchase food on credit? 1 day	Purchase food on credit? 2 days	Purchase food on credit? 3 days	Purchase food on credit? 4 days	Purchase food on credit? 5 days	Purchase food on credit? 6 days	Purchase food on credit? 7 days	Purchase food on credit? 8 days
Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops?	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 0 day	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 1 day	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 2 days	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 3 days	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 4 days	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 5 days	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 6 days	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 7 days	Gather wild food, hunt, or harvest immature crops? 8 days
Consume seed stock held for next season?	Consume seed stock held for next season? 0 day	Consume seed stock held for next season? 1 day	Consume seed stock held for next season? 2 days	Consume seed stock held for next season? 3 days	Consume seed stock held for next season? 4 days	Consume seed stock held for next season? 5 days	Consume seed stock held for next season? 6 days	Consume seed stock held for next season? 7 days	Consume seed stock held for next season? 8 days
Send household members to eat elsewhere?	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 0 day	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 1 day	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 2 days	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 3 days	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 4 days	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 5 days	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 6 days	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 7 days	Send household members to eat elsewhere? 8 days
Send household members to beg?	Send household members to beg? 0 day	Send household members to beg? 1 day	Send household members to beg? 2 days	Send household members to beg? 3 days	Send household members to beg? 4 days	Send household members to beg? 5 days	Send household members to beg? 6 days	Send household members to beg? 7 days	Send household members to beg? 8 days
Limit portion size at mealtimes?	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 0 day	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 1 day	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 2 days	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 3 days	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 4 days	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 5 days	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 6 days	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 7 days	Limit portion size at mealtimes? 8 days
Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat?	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 0 day	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 1 day	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 2 days	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 3 days	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 4 days	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 5 days	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 6 days	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 7 days	Restrict consumption by adults for small children to eat? 8 days
Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members?	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 0 day	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 1 day	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 2 days	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 3 days	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 4 days	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 5 days	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 6 days	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 7 days	Feed working members of household at the expense of non-working members? 8 days
Ration the money you have and buy prepared food?	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 0 day	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 1 day	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 2 days	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 3 days	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 4 days	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 5 days	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 6 days	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 7 days	Ration the money you have and buy prepared food? 8 days
Reduce number of meals eaten in a day?	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 0 day	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 1 day	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 2 days	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 3 days	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 4 days	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 5 days	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 6 days	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 7 days	Reduce number of meals eaten in a day? 8 days
Skip entire days without eating?	Skip entire days without eating? 0 day	Skip entire days without eating? 1 day	Skip entire days without eating? 2 days	Skip entire days without eating? 3 days	Skip entire days without eating? 4 days	Skip entire days without eating? 5 days	Skip entire days without eating? 6 days	Skip entire days without eating? 7 days	Skip entire days without eating? 8 days

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* 40. Now I would like to ask questions about food. During the last one month, was there a time when:

	Yes	No	Don't know
You were worried you would not have enough food to eat because of a lack of money or other resources?	You were worried you would not have enough food to eat because of a lack of money or other resources? Yes	You were worried you would not have enough food to eat because of a lack of money or other resources? No	You were worried you would not have enough food to eat because of a lack of money or other resources? Don't know
You were unable to eat healthy and nutritious food because of a lack of money or other resources?	You were unable to eat healthy and nutritious food because of a lack of money or other resources? Yes	You were unable to eat healthy and nutritious food because of a lack of money or other resources? No	You were unable to eat healthy and nutritious food because of a lack of money or other resources? Don't know
You ate only a few kinds of foods because of a lack of money or other resources?	You ate only a few kinds of foods because of a lack of money or other resources? Yes	You ate only a few kinds of foods because of a lack of money or other resources? No	You ate only a few kinds of foods because of a lack of money or other resources? Don't know
You had to skip a meal because there was not enough money or other resources to get food?	You had to skip a meal because there was not enough money or other resources to get food? Yes	You had to skip a meal because there was not enough money or other resources to get food? No	You had to skip a meal because there was not enough money or other resources to get food? Don't know
You ate less than you thought You should because of a lack of money or other resources?	You ate less than you thought You should because of a lack of money or other resources? Yes	You ate less than you thought You should because of a lack of money or other resources? No	You ate less than you thought You should because of a lack of money or other resources? Don't know
Your household ran out of food because of a lack of money or other resources?	Your household ran out of food because of a lack of money or other resources? Yes	Your household ran out of food because of a lack of money or other resources? No	Your household ran out of food because of a lack of money or other resources? Don't know
You were hungry but did not eat because there was not enough money or other resources for food?	You were hungry but did not eat because there was not enough money or other resources for food? Yes	You were hungry but did not eat because there was not enough money or other resources for food? No	You were hungry but did not eat because there was not enough money or other resources for food? Don't know
You went without eating for a whole day because of a lack of money or other resources?	You went without eating for a whole day because of a lack of money or other resources? Yes	You went without eating for a whole day because of a lack of money or other resources? No	You went without eating for a whole day because of a lack of money or other resources? Don't know

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* 41. What is your average monthly expenditure on food items BEFORE Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 42. What is the average monthly expenditure on food items DURING this Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 43. What is your average monthly expenditure on non-food items BEFORE Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 44. What is the average monthly expenditure on non-food items DURING this Covid-19 crisis in monetary value?

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* 45. What are the types of cooking facility do your household used during this Covid-19 lock-down? (you can choose more than one option)

Wood/charcoal

Kerosene

Gas cooker

Microwave/electric cooker

Solar-power cooker