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* 1. Animals that feed exclusively on plants are called:

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* 2. In a study to determine whether how long a student sleeps affects test scores.  The independent variable is:

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* 3. You want to compare brands of paper towels, to see which holds the most liquid.

The dependent variable is:

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* 4. In an experiment to determine how far people can see into the infrared part of the spectrum, what is the independent variable:

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* 5. In the 21st century, worker bees in bee colonies have been abandoning their queens and are deserting their hives in record numbers. Known as Colony Collapse Disorder, honeybees have been mysteriously disappearing across the planet—and one area that has been seriously affected is California’s Napa Valley. This issue became more commonly known when The National Agriculture Statistics Service reported in 2008 that only 2.44 million honey-producing hives were in the United States, down from 4.5 million in 1980.

There is no consensus among scientists as to what is causing Colony Collapse Disorder, though the USDA has undertaken a plan of action to stem the collapsing colonies involving several steps: survey and data collection; analysis of samples; hypothesis-driven research; mitigation and preventive action. The first findings from the USDA were published in 2009, and suggested factors such as pesticides, parasites, and pathogens may be possible causes, all of which have affected hives in Northern California.

One researcher has hypothesized that chemical pesticides are solely responsible for colony collapse disorder in Napa Valley. To test her hypothesis she is planning to run an experiment. She has obtained several healthy bee colonies and plans to expose them to pesticides while measuring the health of the colonies.

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* 6. Many individuals concerned with their carbon footprint are excited about the availability of hybrid electric vehicles. These cars are much more efficient in their use of fossil fuels than similarly sized internal combustion automobiles. However, hybrid electric vehicles do come with an environmental price tag. Their construction uses scarce metals, such as neodymium, lithium and lanthanum. Additionally, mining these elements involves pumping acids into deep boreholes to dissolve the surrounding rock and then removing the acid and mineral slurry. Such extraction processes are a type of surface mining, which have severe environmental impacts such as erosion, acid mine drainage, water pollution, and disruption of habitat. Based on the passage above, what are the environmental trade-offs of hybrid electric vehicles?

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* 7. How many calories does someone need to eliminate from their diet in order to lose weight? First they should calculate their basal metabolic rate (BMR) which identifies how many calories they burn each day when at complete rest. After calculating their BMR, they can then use an additional formula to factor in their level of activity. There are seperate BMR formulas for men and womnen, and these formulas require three variables: age, height, and current weight. Here is BMR formula for women: BMR = 655 + (4.35 × W) × (4.7 x H) − (4.7 × A) W = Weight in pounds H = Height in inches A = Age

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* 8. Tonisha is conducting an experiment to determine the effects of watering clover with liquid Vitamin B. One week into her experiment the average clover plant from her control group is 17.3 millimeters tall.(1 decimeter = 100 millimeters) (1 meter = 10 decimeters)

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* 9. Many individuals concerned with their carbon footprint are excited about the availability of hybrid electric vehicles. These cars are much more efficient in their use of fossil fuels than similarly sized internal combustion automobiles. However, hybrid electric vehicles do come with an environmental price tag. Their construction uses scarce metals, such as neodymium, lithium and lanthanum. Additionally, mining these elements involves pumping acids into deep boreholes to dissolve the surrounding rock and then removing the acid and mineral slurry. Such extraction processes are a type of surface mining, which have severe environmental impacts such as erosion, acid mine drainage, water pollution, and disruption of habitat. Which sentence from the passage above best supports the idea that driving a hybrid electric vehicle burns gasoline?

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* 10. In a lab experiment designed to test the rate at which plants grow under artificial light, the kind of light used is which type of variable?

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