Confidentiality. “As used herein, “Confidential Information” shall mean any and all technical and non-technical information provided by a party to the other party (the “Recipient”), including but not limited to (a) patent and patent applications; (b) trade secret; and (c) proprietary information – ideas, samples, techniques, sketches, drawings, works of authorship, models, inventions, know-how, processes, apparatuses, equipment, algorithms, software programs, software source documents, and formulae related to the current, future, and proposed products and services of each of the parties, including, without limitation, their respective information concerning research, experimental work, development, design details and specifications, engineering, financial information, procurement requirements, purchasing, manufacturing, customer lists, investors, employees, business and contractual relationships, business forecasts, sales and merchandising, marketing plans and information the disclosing party provides regarding third parties.
Each party agrees always to hold in strict confidence and not to disclose to any person or entity any Confidential Information (as defined below), except approved in writing by the other party to this Agreement. Notwithstanding the immediately preceding sentence, a party shall not be in violation of this Section 6 about a disclosure that was in response to a valid order by a court or other governmental body, if the Recipient provides the other party with written notice of such disclosure promptly enough to permit the other party to seek confidential treatment of such information and that the Recipient reasonably cooperates with such efforts at the other party’s expense. Each party shall permit access to Confidential Information of the other party only to those of its employees, agents or authorized representatives having a need to know for purposes of this Agreement and who have signed confidentiality agreements or are otherwise bound by confidentiality obligations at least as restrictive as those contained herein. Each Recipient agrees that it will not in any way attempt to obtain, either directly or indirectly, any information regarding the Confidential Information of the other party from any third party who has been employed by, provided consulting services to, or received Confidential Information from, the other party.
Each party shall immediately notify the other upon discovery of any loss or unauthorized disclosure of the Confidential Information of the other party.
Each party’s obligations under this Agreement with respect to any portion of the other party’s Confidential Information shall terminate when the Recipient can document by competent proof that: (a) it was in the public domain at the time it was communicated to the Recipient by the other party; (b) it entered the public domain subsequent to the time it was communicated to the Recipient by the other party though no act or omission of the Recipient, its employees or agents; (c) it was in the Recipient’s possession free of any obligation of confidence at the time it was communicated to the Recipient by the other party, as shown by contemporaneous written records; (d) it was rightfully communicated to the Recipient free of any obligation of confidence subsequent to the time it was communicated to the Recipient by the other party; or (e) it was independently developed by the Recipient without any use of the Confidential Information by personnel who did not have access to the Confidential Information, as shown by independent, contemporaneous, written records.