Overproduction - Producing more materials, service or information than necessary
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Inventory- Excess materials on hand that customers or employees do not need at that moment
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Motion – Movement of people that does not add value
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Transportation – Movement of materials or information that does not add value
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Over-processing (or extra processing) – Efforts that do not provide value from the customer’s perspective
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Defects – Work that contains errors or lacks something necessary
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Waiting – Idle time created when material, information, people or equipment is not ready
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Under-utilizing staff – Either not using at all or under-utilizing the talent of employees
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