Activity Evaluation and Credit Application Form POST TEST Question Title * 1. A 62-year-old man has been hospitalized following a myocardial infarction and requires mechanical ventilation. After 4 days, he develops fever and a chest radiograph reveals new pulmonary infiltrates. Rapid molecular diagnostics is performed on a BAL sample and identifies P. aeruginosa. The unit-based antibiogram reveals that over 65% of P. aeruginosa isolates exhibit multidrug resistance. Which of the following would be the most appropriate initial antimicrobial agent? Piperacillin-tazobactam Ceftolozane-tazobactam Doripenem Colistin plus amikacin Question Title * 2. A 56-year-old woman who has been hospitalized for 6 days is diagnosed with hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by a Gram-negative rod as determined by Gram stain. She is initiated on piperacillin-tazobactam. After 2 days, there is little clinical improvement and culture and susceptibility results reveal a carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. The best course of action is to: Add linezolid to the current regimen Switch to cefepime Switch to ceftazidime-avibactam Add gentamicin to current regimen Question Title * 3. Which of the following agents would be preferred as initial treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia caused by a Gram-negative rod in an ICU that is currently experiencing an outbreak of metallo-beta-lactamases? Eravacycline Delafloxacin Omadacycline Cefiderocol Question Title * 4. When considering pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients, which of the following will typically result in decreased plasma drug concentration? Increased volume of distribution Decreased renal function Decreased hepatic function Decreased cardiac output Question Title * 5. When considering the penetration of beta-lactams into the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) in critically ill patients with pneumonia, which of the following is most accurate? ELF penetration has little impact on clinical outcomes The drug concentration in ELF is usually several-fold higher than the serum concentration ELF penetration varies considerably by beta-lactam agent ELF concentration is independent of serum concentration Next