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Athens 2016: Refractive Surgery Didactic Course (Part 2) - Multiple Choice Questions
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1.
Name:
(Required.)
T. Kohnen
Incisional and coagulative corneal procedures: principles, techniques and results
2.
On which principle does laser thermal keratoplasty work?
It is a cryoablative procedure
t is a coagulative procedure
It is a laser ablative procedure
It works by radiating the cornea with UV light
3.
Incisional surgery using limbal relaxing incisions are used for correcting astigmatism up to:
-0.75 D
-1.5 D
-2.5 D
-5 D
J. Krumeich
Overview of microkeratomes
4.
Use of the Femtosecond laser will create a more exact outcome of the refractive correction than a linear Microkeratome
True
False
5.
The applanation of a femtosecond microkeratome is softer than the one of a mechanical microkeratome and creates a better surface
True
False
D. Touboul
Intrastromal corneal implants
6.
The best candidate for intracorneal ring implantation for keratoconus is:
Cornea with central opacities
Peripheral corneal thickness of less than 400 µ
Clear central cornea with peripheral corneal thickness > 450 µ
Hydrops
E. Rosen
Refractive lens exchange
7.
Independent risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following Refractive lens exchange (RLE) include:
1. retinal detachment in the contra-lateral eye
2. axial length > 26mm
3. lattice retinal degeneration
4. Nd:YAG capsulotomy
1,2,3
1 & 3
2 & 4
4 only
1,2,3,4
8.
The incidence of angiographic cystoid macular oedema (CMO) is considerably higher than of visually significant CMO.
True
False
A. Marinho
Overview of phakic IOLs
9.
Which is the minimal AC depth for implantation of Phakic IOls?
2.5 mm
2.8mm
3.2mm
3.5mm
10.
The following phakic IOL is suitable to correct the following refraction: sph +6.00 cyl+3.00x 90º
Artisan
Toric Artiflex
Acrysof Cachet
Toric ICL
O. Findl
Multifocal IOLs
11.
Which one of the following is an optical phenomenon typical of multifocal IOLs?
Glare
Metamorphopsia
Halos
Micropsia
12.
In which of the patient groups below has multifocal IOL technology been used most commonly and successfully for presbyopic refractive lens exchange (PRELEX)?
Emmetropic
Hyperopic
Myopic
Astigmatic
G. Grabner
Presbyopia
13.
Select the true statement:
The theory for accommodation (and the development of presbyopia) - that is scientifically validated is:
the Schachar theory
the Helmholtz theory
the Coleman (catenary) theory
14.
The correction of presbyopia is currently NOT possible by:
Changing the shape of the cornea
Implantation of multifocal IOLs
Prescription of reading spectacles
Modification of the vitreous body
Monovision (with contact lenses or IOLs)
R. Applegate
Quality of vision evaluation
15.
The optical transfer function has two components the modulation transfer function (MTF) and the phase transfer function (PTF).
In face recognition, the MTF is more important than the PTF
Optical aberrations cause letters to blur during acuity testing. This blur is best understood by the PTF as opposed to the MTF.
The PTF defines how each spatial frequency component is shifted in image space with respect to its location in object space.
Answers b and c are correct
16.
As the pupil dilates from approximately 3 mm to 6 mm in diameter:
Higher order aberrations increase in the normal non-surgical eye
In the normal non-surgical eye photopic high contrast acuity decreases slightly by around 3 letters
Hi order aberrations decrease in the normal non-surgical eye
Answers a and b are correct
C. Roberts
Biomechanics of the cornea
17.
What are the hallmarks of the biomechanical response to laser refractive surgery?
Anterior central flattening and peripheral steepening
Anterior central steepening and peripheral flattening
Anterior central flattening and posterior central flattening
18.
Which of the following is the greatest source of artifact in Goldmann tonometry?
Anterior surface curvature
Corneal biomechanical properties
Corneal thickness
J. Güell
Refractive reoperations and enhancements
19.
Which statement is false about bioptics:
It was originally described because of a technical limitation in phakic IOL power
It is used to improve final quality of vision
It is considered any combination of corneal and intraocular refractive surgery
It is considered only the combination of a PC phakic IOL and LASIK
20.
The most efficient treatment for epithelial ingrowth after LASIK is:
Mitomycin C
Lift the flap clean with absolute alcohol
PTK on the stromal bed
Lift the flap, clean both stromal sides of the cyst and suture the lenticule
V. Katsanevaki
Optical complications of refractive surgery
21.
How do human eye’s optical aberrations correlate with pupil size?
The larger the pupil size the higher the aberrations
The smaller the pupil size the lower the aberrations
Both A and B are correct
The pupil size is not related to the eye’s aberrations
22.
Which are the major limitations of “super vision”?
Refractive errors
Diffraction
Cone spacing
All of the above
R. Nuijts
Complications of phakic IOLs
23.
Which statement is WRONG?
ICL pIOL may cause cataract
Artiflex pIOL may show (non)-pigment deposition on pIOL
Artisan pIOL does not cause glare
PRL pIOL may luxate into the vitreous
24.
Which statement in RIGHT:
Rigid angle-supported pIOLs do not cause pupil distortion
The distance of the peripheral edge of the Artisan pIOL to the endothelium may predict the amount of endothelial cell loss
ICL sizing can be performed accurately with white-to-white measurements
Posterior synechiae formation after Artisan implantation is not dependent on crystalline lens rise
G. Kymionis
Customised ablational procedures
25.
The main problem of conventional treatments for the correction of myopia is that they induce changes in the spherical aberration of the eye. Optimized treatments are those that consider:
To introduce the preoperative corneal wavefront data of the patient in order to reduce the preoperative HOAs
They improve the profile of ablation in the peripheral cornea in myopic treatments to reduce the induction of spherical aberration
They try to reduce the postoperative night vision problems sometimes associated with conventional treatments
Optimized treatments require global wavefront analysis of the eye
Answers B and C are correct
26.
In a case of residual refraction and night visual symptoms caused by a previous laser surgery with a small optical zone, the correction is better performed by:
Global wavefront guided information
Optimized guided information
Corneal wavefront / topography-guided information
It is better not to treat it
Deep anterior lamellar graft