2017 Basic Immunology in Medicine Post-Test Question Title * 1. CTLs can be activated when they recognize: lipid antigens displayed by CD1 molecules stressed cells proteins processed in lysosomes of APCs ingested proteins cross-presented by DCs Question Title * 2. CD40... is expressed only on B cells is required for T-dependent isotype switching is mutated in X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome is required for IgM secretion binds to Class II MHC Question Title * 3. Which is a family of cytosolic proteins that are innate immune receptors for pathogen associated molecules? Ig superfamily Integrins Toll-like receptors Nod-like receptors Defensins Question Title * 4. Innate immune responses help initiate adaptive immunity mainly by: Stimulating clonal expansion of T and B cells Inducing somatic arrangements of immunoglobulin genes in lymphocytes Inhibiting functions of regulatory T cells Stimulating migration of naïve T cells into lymph nodes Inducing dendritic cell migratory functions and costimulatory molecule expression Question Title * 5. The dominant factor driving CD4+ T cell differentiation toward a particular helper T cell subset is: The cytokines present in the microenvironment during naïve T cell activation The level of costimulation provided by antigen presenting cells The biochemical nature of the antigen recognized by the T cells The concentration of the antigen present The presence or absence of antibodies specific for the antigen Question Title * 6. IL-22 is a key effector cytokine for which subset of T cells? Th1 Th2 Th17 CTL Treg Question Title * 7. The most effective antigen-presenting cells for naïve T lymphocytes are: Macrophages, because they are the best at phagocytosing microbes Dendritic cells, because of their location and high expression of MHC molecules and costimulators B lymphocytes, because they express receptors that specifically bind antigens Other T lymphocytes, because they are located in the same place as the responding T cells Endothelial cells, because they are in direct contact with circulating antigens Question Title * 8. Which chemical form of antigens do T lymphocytes recognize? Large globular proteins bound to the surface of B cells Proteins and polysaccharides Globular proteins bound to MHC molecules Small peptides bound to MHC molecules Protein displayed by any molecule on an antigen-presenting cell Question Title * 9. The major physiological function of CTLA-4 is: inhibition of antigen-presenting cells as a circulating immunosuppressive agent to prevent virus infection to suppress tumor growth prevention of T cell reactions against self antigens Question Title * 10. Which of the following proteins is involved in negative selection of self-reactive T cells in the thymus? AIRE Foxp3 Fas IL-2 All of the above Question Title * 11. Antigen-specific CD4+ regulatory T cells: express high levels of CD25 kill B lymphocytes recognize idiotypic determinants of antigen receptors are NKT cells that secrete cytokines Question Title * 12. Most of the genes that confer susceptibility to common autoimmune diseases are: inherited as mendelian traits polymorphisms that are also present in healthy individuals but at lower frequencies than in patients with autoimmunity specific to particular autoimmune diseases more often mutated in women than in men Done